1535.- Captain Francisco Pacheco founded the city of Puerto Viejo, the first to be erected on the coast of Ecuador.
1551.- Card of Charles I for the foundation of the University of Lima.
1572.- “Os Lusiadas” is published, an epic poem by the Portuguese Luis de Camoes.
1648.- Gabriel Téllez, “Tirso de Molina”, Spanish playwright, dies.
1660.- Frustrated attack on the Viceroy of New Spain, Duke of Alburquerque, in the Cathedral of Mexico.
1824.- Gustav R. Kirchhoff is born, German, author of outstanding physical-chemical discoveries.
1841.- The Congress of Paraguay appoints Carlos Antonio López and Mariano Roque Alonso consulles governors.
1863.- Gabriel D’Annunzio, Italian writer and politician, is born.
1867.- The emperor of France, Napoleon III, withdraws his support for Maximilian of Habsburg, emperor of Mexico, and he is forced to seek refuge in Queretaro.
1893.- Foundation of the Conservatory of Music of Buenos Aires, at the initiative of the pianist and composer Emilio Durán.
1900.- Gustavo Rojas Pinilla is born, Colombian military and politician.
1906.- Manuel Quintana, President of the Argentine Republic, dies.
1912.- Alberto Burri, Italian painter, is born, considered the creator of abstract expressionism.
1919.- A nationalist movement against the English erupts in Egypt.
1921.- Giovanni Agnelli, Italian, founder and former president of the Fiat, was born.
1925.- Chiang Kai Chek assumes command of the Kuomintang.
1927.- Raúl Alfonsín, former Argentine president, is born.
1928.- The rupture of the San Francisco Dam (USA), 72 kilometers from Los Angeles, causes the death of more than 7,000 people.
1938.- The German army concludes the occupation of Austria, which is annexed to Germany.
1939.- Finland capitulates to the USSR.
– Coronation of Pope Pius XII.
1941.- World War II. The U.S. Congress passes the loan and lease law that allows military reinforcements to be sent to allies.
1946.- Liza Minnelli, American actress and singer, was born.
1947.- Truman plan to help the expansion of communism in Greece and Turkey, countries to which $400 million is granted.
1950.- The Belgians approve in a referendum the return of King Leopold.
1956.- The House of Commons approves the abolition of the death penalty in the United Kingdom.
1959.- The U.S. House of Representatives approves the entry of the Hawaiian Islands as the 50th State of the Union.
1966.- President Sukarno, forced by the army, commissions General Suharto by the Indonesian Government to avoid the danger of a communist coup.
1971.- Hafez al-Assad is elected head of the state of Syria.
1986.- Ingmar Carlsson, a 52-year-old social democrat, is confirmed by the Swedish Parliament as prime minister, replacing the murdered Olof Palme.
1990.- Fallece Philippe Saupault, French surrealist painter.
1995.- The Law for Dialogue, Conciliation and Dignified Peace in Chiapas comes into force, after its approval by the Mexican Congress.
1999.- The Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary become the first former members of the Warsaw Pact to join NATO.
– Yehudi Menuhin, a British violinist, dies.
2000.- Pope John Paul II asks for forgiveness for the sins of the Catholic Church in its two thousand years of history, during a key liturgical rite of the Jubilee.
– The former guerrilla Front Farabundo Martí for National Liberation wins legislative elections in El Salvador.
2001.- Chilean judge Juan Guzmán grants provisional release to Augusto Pinochet, who prosecuted 57 murders and 18 kidnappings as a cover-up.
– First meeting of the EZLN with the Legislative Commission of Concordia y Pacificación, a Mexican parliamentary body set up to mediate the conflict in Chiapas.
– American writer Robert Ludlum dies.
2002.- The UN Security Council approves resolution 1397, submitted by the United States, which “supports the concept” of a Palestinian state.
– Sprios Kiprianu, former president of Cyprus, dies.
2003.- Shot dead in Belgrade serbian prime minister Zoran Djindijic.
2004.- South Korean Parliament dismisses the country’s president, Roh Moo Hyun, for an alleged violation of electoral law.
– Fallece Milton Resnick, American abstract expressionist painter.
2007.- Antonio Ortiz Mena, Mexican politician and former president of the IDB, dies.
– Betty Hutton, American actress, dies.
2008.- Lazare Ponticelli, the last French fighter of World War I, dies.
– The last Hungarian communist president, Karoly Németh, dies.
2009.- The following is Quintín Cabrera, a singer-songwriter born in Uruguay and based in Spain.
2010.- The Spanish writer Miguel Delibes died at 89.
Original source in Spanish
